Some of the main active ingredients in various species of the genus Smilax are known as steroidal saponins (Bernardo et al., 1996). The crude drug (root), as well as capsules containing the pulverized root, are available in certain health food stores in both Mexico and the United States. Decoctions made from the root are used both externally as well as internally. The root and rhizomes (underground stems) (Mendoza-Castelán and Lugo-Pérez, 2011 Mabberley, 2008 Adame and Adame, 2000). regelii, for example, are native to Mexico and Central America (Quattrocchi, 2012 Mabberley, 2008 Johnson, 1999 Morton, 1981), and have been used in Mesoamerican traditional medicine for many centuries (Martínez, 1989).
Various species of these (mostly tropical) climbing vines, including S. Aristolochia, Dioscorea, and Milleria), are also known by the common name of “cocolmeca” (Quattrocchi, 2012 White, 2003 Agueta, 1994). *In Mexico, various species of medicinal plants belonging to diverse botanical genera (e.g. Cocolmeca*, Bejuco de chiquihuite, Bejuco de vida, Chiapahuac-xíhuitl, Cocolmacate, Cocomeca, Corona de Cristo, Cozolmecatl, Diente de chucho, Diente de perro, Kok-che’, Mecapatle, Raíz china, Raíz de cocolmeca, Taca, Ut, Zarzaparrilla (Adame and Adame, 2000 Quattrocchi, 2000 2012 Wieresma and León, 2013 Mendoza-Castelán and Lugo-Pérez, 2011 White, 2002 Sánchez-Monge, 2001 Torkelson, 1996 Martínez, 1989,1994 Schoenhals, 1988).
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